From Non-being To Being

The questions of how the universe originated, where it leads to, and how the laws maintaining its order and balance work have always been topics of interest. Scientists and thinkers have thought about this subject endlessly and have produced barely a little theories. The prevailing thought until the early 20th 100 years was that the universe had infinite dimensions, that it had existed since eternity, and that it should continue to exist forever. According to this view, called the static universe model', the universe had neither a beginning nor an end. Laying the groundwork for the materialist philosophy, this view denied the existence of a Creator while it maintained that the universe is a constant, stable, and unchanging collection of matter.

Materialism is an procedure of thought that holds reason to be an absolute being and denies the existence of anything but matter. Possessing its roots in ancient Greece and gaining ever-increasing acceptance within the 19th century, this system of thought became well-known within the shape regarding the dialectical materialism of Karl Marx. As we have stated earlier, the static structure of atom the 19th 100 years prepared the grounds for the materialist philosophy. In his pamphlet Principes Fondamentaux de Philosophie, George Politzer stated concerning the basis of this universe model that the universe was not a created object, and added: If it were, then it should should be created instantaneously by The god and brought into existence from nothing. To admit creation, one has to admit, within first place, the existence of a moment when the universe did not exist, and that something came out of nothingness.

This is something to which science cannot accede. two When Politzer asserted that the universe was not created out of nothingness, he was relying on the static universe model regarding the 19th century, and thinking that he was posing a scientific claim. However, the 20th century's developing science and cutting edge designs demolished primitive concepts for example the static universe model that laid the grounds for the materialists. Today, on the brink regarding the 21st century, technological physics has proved with many experiments, observations and calculations that the universe had a beginning and that it was created out of nothing with a large explosion. That the universe had a beginning means that the cosmos was brought into being out of nothing, that is, that it was created.

If a created thing exists which did not exist beforehand, then it certainly should hold a Creator. Being from non-being is something inconceivable by the person mind. Person cannot practically conceive it since he has no chance of experiencing it. Therefore, being from non-being is very different from bringing objects together to shape an unique object for example works of art or technological inventions. It is a sign of Allah's creation alone that everything formed perfectly all at once and in a lone moment, when the created things had no previous examples and not even time and space existed in which to make them.

The coming regarding the universe into being from non-being is the greatest proof likely that it was created. Consideration of this fact shall change very many of things. It helps people understand the meaning of life and review their attitudes and purposes. This is howcome many scientific communities have tried to disregard the fact of creation which they should not fully comprehend, even though its evidence was clean to them. The fact that all scientific evidence points to the existence of a Creator has compelled them to invent alternatives to make confusion within the minds of people.

Nevertheless, the evidence of science itself puts a definite end to these theories. Now, let us take a brief look at the scientific developmental process through which the universe came about. THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE In 1929, within the California Mount Wilson observatory, an American astronomer by the name of Edwin Hubble created one regarding the greatest discoveries within the the past of astronomy. While he observed the stars with a giant telescope, he located out that the light from them was shifted to the yellow end regarding the spectrum and that this shift was more pronounced the distant a star was from the earth. This discovery had an electrifying effect within the globe of science, due to the fact that according to the recognized rules of physics, the spectra of light beams travelling towards the spot of observation tend towards violet while the spectra regarding the light beams moving distant from the spot of observation tend towards red.

During Hubble's observations, the light from stars was discovered to tend towards red. This meant that they were constantly moving distant from us. Prior to long, Hubble created another very important discovery: Stars and galaxies moved distant not only from us, but also from one another. The only conclusion that should be derived from a universe where everything moves distant from everything else is that the universe constantly expands'. To better understand, the universe should be thought of as the surface of a balloon being blown up.

Just as the points on the surface of a balloon move apart from each other as the balloon is inflated, so do the objects in space move apart from each other as the universe keeps expanding. In fact, this had been theoretically discovered even earlier. Albert Einstein, who is regarded the greatest scientist regarding the century, had concluded subsequent to the calculations he created in theoretical physics that the universe should not be static. However, he had laid his discovery to rest basically not to conflict together with the widely recognized static universe model of his time. Later on, Einstein was to identify his act as the greatest mistake of his career'.

Subsequently, it became definite by Hubble's observations that the universe expands. Here, the difference within the remoteness of different galaxies and the extent to which they tend towards yellow are shown. The vertical line at the top indicates a sure spot on the spectrum. In other spectra, this spot tends towards the right as distant as the horizontal arrows go. The tendency towards red, that is an indication of remoteness, increases like a galaxy moves farther distant from the earth.

What importance, then, did the fact that the universe expands have on the existence regarding the universe? The expansion regarding the universe implied that if it should venture backwards in time, the universe should prove to have originated from a lone point. The calculations showed that this lone point' that harbored all the reason regarding the universe should have zero volume' and infinite density'. The universe had return about by the explosion of this lone spot with zero volume. This best explosion that marked the beginning regarding the universe was named the Large Bang' and the theory started to be so called. It has to be stated that zero volume' is a theoretical expression used for descriptive purposes.

Science can define the concept of nothingness', that is beyond the limits of person comprehension, only by expressing it like a spot with zero volume'. In truth, a spot with no volume' means nothingness'. The universe has return into being from nothingness. In other words, it was created. The Large Bang theory showed that within the beginning all the objects within the universe were of one piece and then were parted.

This fact, which was revealed by the Large Bang theory was stated within the Qur'an 14 centuries ago, when people had a very limited knowledge regarding the universe: Not ever the Unbelievers look that the heavens and the earth were joined together as one unit of creation, prior to We clove them asunder? We created from h2o every living thing. Shall they not then believe? Surat al-Anbiya, 30 As stated within the verse, everything, even the heavens and the earth' that were not yet created, were created with a Large Bang out of a lone point, and shaped the present universe by being parted from each other. When we compare the statements within the verse together with the Large Bang theory, we look that they fully agree with each other. However, the Large Bang was introduced like a scientific theory only within the 20th century. The expansion regarding the universe is one regarding the highest many important pieces of evidence that the universe was created out of nothing.

Consequently this fact was not discovered by science until the 20th century, Allah has informed us of this reality within the Qur'an revealed 1,400 years ago: It is We who have built the universe with Our creative power, and, verily, it is We who are steadily expanding it. Surat adh-Dhariyat, 47 THE SEARCH FOR ALTERNATIVES TO THE BIG BANG THEORY As clearly seen, the Large Bang theory proved that the universe was created from nothing', in other words, that it was created by Allah. For this reason, astronomers committed to the materialist methodology continued to resist the Large Bang and uphold the steady-state theory. The reason for this effort was revealed within the following words of A. Eddington, one regarding the foremost materialist physicists: Philosophically, the notion of an abrupt beginning to the present order of Nature is repugnant to me.

' 3 Sir Fred Hoyle was two of those that were disturbed by the Large Bang theory. Within the middle regarding the century, Hoyle championed a theory called the steady-state which was similar to the constant universe' approach regarding the 19th century. The steady-state theory argued that the universe was most infinite in volume and eternal in duration. Together with the sole visible aim of supporting the materialist philosophy, this theory was totally at variance together with the Large Bang' theory, which held that the universe had a beginning. Those that defended the steady-state theory opposed the Large Bang for an extended time.

Science, however, was working against them. Some scientists, on the other hand, looked for ways to develop alternatives. In 1948, George Gamov came up with another plan concerning the Large Bang. He stated that subsequent to the formation regarding the universe by a large explosion, a radiation surplus should have existed within the universe left over from this explosion. Moreover, this radiation ought to be uniformly diffused throughout the universe.

This evidence which ought to have existed' was soon to be found. MORE EVIDENCE: COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION In 1965, 3 researchers by the name of Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered these waves by chance. This radiation, called the cosmic background radiation', did not seem to radiate from an exact source but rather pervaded the whole of space. Thus, it was understood that the heat waves that were radiated uniformly from all around space were left over from the initial stages regarding the Large Bang. Penzias and Wilson were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery.

In 1989, NASA sent the Cosmic Background Explorer COBE satellite into space to do studies on cosmic background radiation. It took only eight periods for the sensitive scanners on this satellite to confirm the measurements of Penzias and Wilson. The COBE had located the remains regarding the large explosion that had taken location at the outset regarding the universe. Defined as the greatest astronomic discovery of all times, this finding explicitly proved the Large Bang theory. The findings regarding the COBE 3 satellite which was sent into space subsequent to the COBE satellite also confirmed the calculations based on the Large Bang.

Another important piece of evidence for the Large Bang was the no. of hydrogen and helium in space. Within the final calculations, it was understood that the hydrogen-helium concentration within the universe complied together with the theoretical calculations regarding the hydrogen-helium concentration remaining from the Large Bang. If the universe had no beginning and if it had existed since eternity, its hydrogen constituent should have been completely consumed and converted to helium. All of this compelling evidence caused the Large Bang theory to be embraced by the scientific community.

The Large Bang model was the final spot reached by science concerning the formation and beginning regarding the universe. Defending the steady-state theory alongside Fred Hoyle for years, Dennis Sciama described the final position they had reached subsequent to all the evidence for the Large Bang theory was revealed. Sciama stated that he had taken component within the heated debate between the defenders regarding the steady-state theory and those that tested that theory together with the hope of refuting it. He added that he had defended the steady-state theory, not due to the fact that he deemed it valid, but due to the fact that he wished that it were valid. Fred Hoyle stood out against all objections as evidence against this theory began to unfold.

Sciama goes on to speak that he had first taken a stand along with Hoyle but, as evidence began to pile up, he had to admit that the play was over and that the steady-state theory had to be dismissed. George Abel from the University of California also states that currently available evidence shows that the universe originated billions of years ago together with the Large Bang. He concedes that he has no decision but to accept the Large Bang theory. Together with the Large Bang's victory, the concept of eternal matter' that constituted the basis regarding the materialist methodology is thrown into the trash-heap of history. What, then, was prior to the Large Bang and what was the power that brought the universe into being' with this large explosion when it was non-existent'? This question certainly implies, in Arthur Eddington's words, the philosophically unfavorable' fact for the materialists, that is, the existence of a Creator.

The renowned atheist philosopher Antony Flew comments on the issue: Notoriously, confession is good for the soul. I shall that is why begin by confessing that the Stratonician atheist has to be embarrassed by the contemporary cosmological consensus. For it seems that the cosmologists are providing a scientific proof of what St. Thomas contended should not be proved philosophically; namely, that the universe had a beginning. So long as the universe should be comfortably thought of as being not only without end but also without beginning, it remains easy to urge that its brute existence, and whatever are located to be its most fundamental features, should be accepted as the explanatory ultimates.

Consequently I trust that it remains still correct, it certainly is neither easy nor comfortable to maintain this position within the face regarding the Large Bang story. 5 Many scientists who not ever blindly condition themselves to be atheists have admitted the role of an almighty Creator within the creation regarding the universe. This Creator should be a being Who has created most reason and time, yet Who is independent of both. Well-known astrophysicist Hugh Ross has this to say: If time's beginning is concurrent together with the beginning regarding the universe, as the space-theorem says, then the cause regarding the universe should be some entity operating in a time dimension completely independent of and preexistent to the time dimension regarding the cosmos. This conclusion is powerfully important to our understanding of who The god is and who or what The god isn't.

It tells us that The god is not the universe itself, nor is The god contained within the universe. six Reason and time are created by the almighty Creator Who is independent of all these notions. This Creator is Allah, Who is the God regarding the heavens and the earth. DELICATE BALANCES IN SPACE In truth, the Large Bang caused many greater trouble for the materialists than the above confessions regarding the atheist philosopher, Antony Flew. For the Large Bang not only proves that the universe was created out of nothing, but also that it was brought into being in a very planned, systematic and controlled manner.

The Large Bang took location together with the explosion regarding the spot which contained all the reason and life regarding the universe and its dispersion into space in all ections with a terrifying speed. Out of this reason and energy, there came about a best balance containing galaxies, stars, the sun, the earth and all other heavenly bodies. Moreover, laws were formed called the laws of physics', which are uniform throughout the whole universe and not ever change. All these indicate that a thorough order arose subsequent to the Large Bang. Explosions, however, not ever bring about order.

All regarding the observable explosions tend to harm, disintegrate, and destroy what is present. For example, the atom and hydrogen bomb explosions, fire-damp explosions, volcanic explosions, natural gas explosions, solar explosions: they all have destructive effects. If we were to be introduced to a very detailed order subsequent to an explosion - for instance, if an explosion below the ground gave rise to thorough works of art, huge palaces, or imposing houses - we may conclude that there was a supernatural' intervention behind this explosion and that all the pieces dispersed by the explosion had been created to move in a very controlled way. The quote from Sir Fred Hoyle, who accepted his mistake subsequent to many years of opposition to the Large Bang Theory, expresses this situation very well: The large bang theory holds that the universe began with a lone explosion. Yet as should be seen below, an explosion merely throws reason apart, while the large bang has mysteriously produced the opposite effect - with reason clumping together within the shape of galaxies.

seven While stating that the Large Bang's giving method to order is contradictory, he surely interprets the Large Bang with a materialistic bias and assumes that this was an uncontrolled explosion'. He, however, was in reality the one who became self-contradictory by creating such a statement basically to dismiss the existence of a Creator. For if a best order arose with an explosion, then the concept of an uncontrolled explosion' should have been set aside and it should be accepted that the explosion was extraordinarily controlled. Another aspect of this extraordinary order formed within the universe following the Large Bang is the creation of a habitable universe'. The conditions for the formation of a habitable planet are so many and so complex that it is almost impossible to ponder that this formation is coincidental.

Paul Davies, a renowned professor of theoretical physics, calculated how fine tuned' the pace of expansion subsequent to the Large Bang was, and he reached an incredible conclusion. According to Davies, if the rate of expansion subsequent to the Large Bang had been different even by the ratio of one over a billion times a billion, no habitable star kind should have been formed: Careful measurement puts the rate of expansion very close to a critical cost at which the universe shall just escape its own gravity and expand forever. Little slower and the cosmos should collapse, little faster and the cosmic fabric should have long ago completely dispersed. It is interesting to ask precisely how delicately the rate of expansion was fine-tuned' to fall on this narrow dividing line between 3 catastrophes. If at time I S by which time the pattern of expansion was already firmly established the expansion rate had differed from its actual cost by higher than 10-18, it should have been sufficient to throw the delicate balance out.

The explosive vigor regarding the universe is thus matched with almost unbelievable accuracy to its gravitating power. The large bang was not, evidently, any old bang, but an explosion of exquisitely arranged magnitude. 7 The laws of physics that emerged together together with the Large Bang did not change at all over a period of 15 billion years. Furthermore, these laws stand on calculations so scrupulous that even a millimetre's variation from their current values can result within the destruction regarding the whole structure and configuration regarding the universe. The well-known physicist Prof.

Stephen Hawking states in his pamphlet A Brief The past of Time, that the universe is set on calculations and balances more finely tuned than we can conceive. Hawking states with reference to the rate of expansion regarding the universe: Howcome did the universe beginning out with so nearly the critical rate of expansion that separates models that recollapse from those that leave on expanding forever, such that even now, ten thousand million years later, it is still expanding at nearly the critical rate? If the rate of expansion one 2nd subsequent to the large bang had been smaller by even one component in a hundred thousand million million, the universe should have recollapsed prior to it ever reached its present size. 8 Paul Davies also explains the unavoidable consequence to be derived from these incredibly precise balances and calculations: It is hard to resist the impression that the present structure regarding the universe, apparently so sensitive to minor alterations within the numbers, was rather carefully thought out The seemingly miraculous concurrence of numerical values that nature has assigned to her fundamental constants should remain the highest many compelling evidence for an element of cosmic design. 9 In relation to the similar to fact, an American professor of Astronomy, George Greenstein, writes in his pamphlet The Symbiotic Universe: As we survey all the evidence, the thought insistently arises that some supernatural agency or, rather Agency should be involved. 10 THE CREATION OF MATTER The atom, the building-block of matter, came into being subsequent to the Large Bang.

These atoms then came together to make up the universe with its stars, earth and sun. Afterwards, the similar to atoms established life on the earth. Everything you look around you: your body, the chair you sit on, the pamphlet you hold in your hand, the sky seen through the window, the soil, the concrete, the fruits, the plants, all living things and everything that you can imagine have return to life together with the gathering of atoms. What then is the atom, the building block of everything, created of and what kind of a structure does it have? When we examine the structure of atoms, we look that all of them have an outstanding creation and order. Every atom has a nucleus in which there exists sure numbers of protons and neutrons.

In addition to these, there exists electrons which move around the nucleus in a constant orbit with a velocity of 1,000 kms per second. 11 Electrons and protons of an atom are equal in number, due to the fact that positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons always balance each other. If two of these numbers were different, there should be no atom, since its electromagnetic balance should be disturbed. An atom's nucleus, the protons and the neutrons in it, and the electrons around it are always in motion. These revolve most around themselves and each other unerringly at sure speeds.

Those speeds are always proportionate to each other and give the subsistence regarding the atom. No disorder, disparity, or change ever occurs. It is very remarkable that such highly ordered and determined entities should return into being subsequent to a best explosion that took location in non-being. If the Large Bang were an uncontrolled, coincidental explosion, then it ought to have been followed by random events and everything that formed subsequently ought to have been dispersed in a best chaos. In fact, a flawless order has prevailed at every spot since the beginning of existence.

For example, consequently atoms are formed at different spots and times, they can be so organized that they seem as though they were produced from a lone factory with an awareness of each kind. First, electrons locate themselves a nucleus and beginning to turn around it. Later, atoms return together to shape reason and all these bring about meaningful, purposeful and reasonable objects. Ambiguous, useless, abnormal and purposeless things not ever occur. Everything from the smallest unit to the biggest component is organized and has manifold purposes.

All of this is solid evidence regarding the existence regarding the Creator, Who is exalted in power, and indicate the fact that everything returns into existence subsequently He wants and whenever He wills. Within the Qur'an, Allah refers to His creation thus: He it is Who has created the heavens and the earth with truth, and on the day He says: Be, it is. His phrase is the truth. Surat al-An'am, 73 AFTER THE BIG BANG As Roger Penrose, a physicist who has done extensive studies on the origin regarding the universe, has stated the fact that the universe rests where it is not by mere coincidence shows that it definitely has a purpose. For some people, the universe is just there' and it just goes on being there.

We just happened to discover ourselves right within the middle of this whole thing. This viewpoint should probably not help us in understanding the universe. According to Penrose's view, there exists many deep affairs going on within the universe whose existence we cannot this day perceive. 12 The plans of Roger Penrose are indeed good food for thought. As these words imply, many people wrongly entertain thoughts that the universe with all its thorough harmony exists for nothing and that they live in this universe repeatedly for idle play.

However, it can by no means be regarded as ordinary that a barely thorough and wondrous order came about subsequent to the Large Bang, that is regarded by the scientific community to be the means regarding the formation regarding the universe. The order within the structure regarding the atom rules the whole universe. Together with the atom and its particles moving in a sure order, the mountains are not scattered, lands not ever break apart, the sky is not split asunder and, in short, reason is held together and is constant. Briefly, when we examine the glorious system within the universe, we look that the existence regarding the universe and its workings rest on extremely delicate balances and an order too complex to be explained distant by coincidental causes. As is evident, it is by no means likely for this delicate balance and order to have been formed on its own and by coincidence subsequent to a best explosion.

The formation of such an order following an explosion for example the Large Bang should only have been likely like a result of a supernatural creation. This matchless system and order within the universe certainly proves the existence of a Creator with infinite knowledge, may and wisdom, Who has created reason from nothing and Who controls and manages it incessantly. This Creator is Allah, the God regarding the heavens, the earth and all that is in between. All these facts also display us how the claims regarding the materialist philosophy, that is basically a 19th 100 years dogma, are invalidated by 20th 100 years science. By exposing the best plan, creation and order prevalent within the universe, technological science has proved the existence of a Creator Who has created and rules all beings: that is, Allah.

Holding sway over a best many people for centuries and possessing even disguised itself together with the mask of science', materialism, by deeming everything to consist of nothing but matter, has created a best mistake and denied the existence of Allah, Who created and ordered reason from nothing. One day, materialism should be remembered in the past like a primitive and superstitious belief opposing most reason and science. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. George Politzer, Principes Fondamentaux de Philosophie, Editions Sociales, Paris, 1954, p. 1980 Cosmos and Creator Regnery Gateway, Chicago 3.

Stephen Hawking, Evreni Kucaklayan Karinca, Alkim Kitapcilik ve Yayincilik, 1993, p. Henry Margenau and Roy Abraham Varghese, eds. , Cosmos, Bios, Theos, La Salle, IL: Reveal Court Publishing, 1992, p. , The Creator and the Cosmos, Navpress, 1995, p. Bird, The Origin of Species Revisited, Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1991; originally published by Philosophical Library in 1987, p.

Bird, The Origin of Species Revisited, Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1991; originally published by Philosophical Library in 1987, pp. Hawking, A Brief The past of Time, Bantam Books, April, 1988, p. Paul Davies, The god and the New Physics, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983, p. Hugh Ross, The Fingerprint of God, 2nd. , Orange, CA: Promise Publishing Co.

A Dorling Kindersley Pamphlet The Science, published within the United States by Dorling Kindersley Inc. Stephen Hawking, Evreni Kucaklayan Karinca, Alkim Kitapcilik ve Yayincilik, 1993, p. 143 Below the pen name of Harun Yahya, Adnan Oktar has written some 250 works. His books contain a total of 46,000 pages and 31,500 illustrations. Of these books, 7,000 pages and 6,000 illustrations deal together with the collapse regarding the Theory of Evolution.

You can read, free of charge, all the books Adnan Oktar has written below the pen name Harun Yahya on these websites.